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1,624,512 April 12 1927' M. R. sHxPLEY HIGH PRESSURE COCK HAVING AUTOMATIC SEATING PLUG Filed Feb. 2. 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 ff l 59 3a 33 "f6 i 5'@ 33 6/ l t 6a J5' li Il MJ, /z w 65 i *J0 159 35' 34 El 4 E 4 I 64 42 37 39 ff 38 I f v a y 1i; a

x Y 47 l 0 'I /3/64 '4i-ff INVENTOR.

TToRNEYs.

April 12, 1927. M. R. SHIPLEY 1,624,512

HIGH PRESSURE COCK HAVING AUTOMATIC SEATING PLUG Filed Feb. 2. 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. /V/r/P/o/y A? fu fr.

BY up( 6MM ATTORNEYS.

Patented Apr. 12, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MARION R. SHIPLEY, OF MANHATTAN BEACH, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, 'IO OIL APPLIANCE MANUFACTURING CORPORATION, OF LOS AN- GELES, CALIFORNIA, A CORPORATION OF CALIFORNIA.

HIGH-PRESSURE COCK I-IAITINGl AUTOMATIC SEATING PLUG.

Application led February This invention relates to stop cocks employed for controlling the passage of liquid and gas through pipe lines, and it relates particularly to a cock which is adaptable for use on high pressure lines.

Cocks of this character generally comprise a body having a passage through which a fluid is conducted. A conical seat is formed in the body for receiving a conical plug, which is adapted to control the liquid flow through the body. The conical plug is provided with an opening therethrough through which fluid passes when it is aligned with the passage through the body. When the plug is positioned so that the opening therein does not align with the passage in the body, a flow of fluid therethrough will be prevented.

There are various means employed for retainingthe plug in its seat to prevent leakage. Packing glands and similar arrangements are employed, the nut being screwed down causing the packing to engage with the plug, thus holding it tightlyin its seat. An arrangement of this character demands constant readjustment as the plug wears in order to prevent leakage between the seat and the conical face of the plug. I/Vhen cocks, employing these means for retaining the plug seated, are used on steam or hot fiuid lines, there is a great tendencyV for the plug to bind because, as the parts become heated, they expand and no means is provided to compensate for this expansion. Another manner of holding the plug seated employsa spring which resiliently retains the plug in its seat. rlfhis arrangement is fairly successful on low pressure lines when the cock is new, but is inefficient as the plug and seat wear, owing to the fact that the rei siliency of the spring decreases as the plug is forced downwardly into the seat. The packer type of cock is used on high pressure lines for this reason. It is necessary to screw the nut quite tightly against the plug so that a tight seal is effected, this being necessary when these cocks are'employed on high pressure lines. A tight seating of the plug causes lbinding and makes the valve of the cock dificult to manipulate.

It is an object of this invention tol provide a cock having a plug which is automatically retained in its seat at a constant pressure and which lis so arranged as to come` 2, 1925. Serial No. 6,299.

pensate for wear or expansion of the parts and which will not bind.

It is another object of the invention to provide a cock in which the pressure of the fluid being conveyed through the cock will be utilized and retaining the plug in its seat. In my invention I eliminate the use of packing glands, screw and spring arrangements and other mechanical contrivances and consequently eliminate the disadvantages associated therewith.

It is a still further object of the invention to provide a cock utilizing the fluid pressure conveyed through the valve for retaining the plug in its seat which will utilize only a portion of this pressure in effecting the seating of the plug. A cock of this chai'- acter is very suitable for high pressure use. If the entire fluid pressure were employed to seat the plug where exceedingly high fluid pressure existed, this pressure might be sufficiently' high to cause the plug to bind.

It is another object of the invention to provide a cock which may be readily disassembled and conveniently cleaned.

It is a further object of the invention to provide in a cock of this character a means for retaining the plug seated when no fiuid pressure exists. By retaining the plug seated at all times, dust or other abrasive is excluded from the contacting surfaces and avoidable attrition of these surfaces is eliminated. f

It is another object of the invention to provide 'a plug and `rotating arrangement in which an axial movement between the plug and stem ofthe cock is provided.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be made evident hereinafter.

Referring to the drawing which is solely for illustrative purposes and in which I illus-g trate a preferred form of my invention.

Fig. l is a vertical sectional viewthrou'gh a cock employing the features of my invention, the plug jinember in this view being shown in closing position.

Fig. 2 is a section taken as"- indicated by the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view of the cock shown in Fig. 1 except that the plug is shown in open position.

Fig. t is a fragmentary sectional viewl taken as indicated by the line 4,--4 of Fig. l.

'Iheform of inyinvention shown inthe drawings has a body 11 in which an inlet port 12 and an outlet port 13 is formed, these ports being formed in opposite positions of the body 11 and being in axial alignment with one another'. The ports 12 and 13 are c'oi'interbored and threaded, as indicated at 16, to receive inlet and outlet pipes 17 and 18, respectively. The inlet and outlet ports 12 and 13 are counterbored so that the diameters ot the inner portions 20 will be the saine as the internal diameter ot the inlet and outlet pipes 17 and 18. A central opening 23 is provided in the body 11 with which the inlet and outlet ports 12 and 13 connect. The opening 23 has a conical portion which provides a conical seat 24, and has a cylindrical portion 2V. The smaller or lower end ot the opening 23 is closed by a cover 28 which threads on the body at 29, there being a gasket 30 to provide a fluid tight seal between these parts. A cap 32 is secured at the upper part of the body 11 by means of cap screws 33, there being a gasket disposed between the adjacent faces of the cap 32 and the body 11 to provide a fluid tight relationship therebetween. The

cap 32 is provided with an equalising cavity 35 which as clearly shown in the drawings connects with the upper portion o'r the opening 23.

A plug 37 is disposed in the opening 23, this plug 37 having a conical seat 38 and a radial wall 39 fornied across the upper or larger end of the shell 38. The outer 'face 10 of the shell 38 is arranged to contact with the conical seat 24. A by-pass 42 connects between the inlet port 12 and the equalizing cavity 35 of the cap 32. Thenever a fluid pressure exists in the port 12, the fluid passes through the by-pass 42 into the cavity 35. The fluid in the cavity 35 will exert a pressure upon the upper 'face of the plug 37 and torce the plug downward with a pressure proportionate to the area ot the upper exposed face. It will be seen that this arrangement serves to retain the plug tightly in its seat. rThen a cock oit this character is used for low pressure lines of 8O to 100 pounds, thisl arrangement is very favorable; however, 'when used upon high pressure lines, the seating pressure resultant troni the luid pressure would be great enough to cause the plug to hind and to be diflie ult to operate. l; therefore, provide n'i'eans tor rqualizing or reducing the seating pressure.

I accomplish this by 'p1o'v`iding the plug 37 with an internal clrin'ber L14 which is closed at the upper or larger end by the radial wall 39, and which is open 'at the lower or sinall eird thereof. 'When the plug is in closing position, a passage '45 connects the internal chamber 44 with the inlet 12 and permits flnid vin AtheYptissage12, to enter the chamber. The iluidin thischainber builds up 'which tedsb ,ferte-the plug 37 in an upward direction, that is, the pressure ot the lluid in the internal chamber lll exerts a pressure against the radial wall 39. According to physical law which is well understood in the art, the pressure of the fluid against the plug 37 is proportionate to the area ol cross section of the lower ends ot' -the plug. Frein the drawings, it will be observed that the lower end ot the plug 37 plug. Consequently, the downward pressure or the pressure which tends to scat t-he plug exceeds the upward pressure or the pressure which tends to unseat the plug. The plug will be retained in its seat by a torce equal to the difference between these two opposing pressures. As the fluid pressure increases, the difiere .c in these opposing pressures becomes greater ind the plug is held seated with greater torce. @his is desirable owing to the fact that the higher the fluid pressure, the incre strenuous the seal necessary to prevent leakage.

ln Fig. 3, l show the plug 37 rotated into open position. lVh'en the plug is in this position, openings 47 align with the inlet and outlet ports 12 and 13 and lerinit fluid to flow through one opening 417, the internal chamber 11d, the other openingl 17 and the outlet port 13. ln this position the fluid is conveyed into the internal chainber all; through the opening i7. There is a fluid pressure in the cavity 35 and in the internal chainber -ll regardless ot the two positions or' the plug 37 whenever a fluid pressure exists in the inlet port 12.

My invention also provides a novel ineans whereby the plug is rotated, as shown in Figs. 1, 3 and oit the drawing. l provide a hub terniatien 5() on the upper iace of the wall 33 and concentric with the plug 37. The hub 50 is pr vided with a cross slot 51 into which a tongue. ol a stein 5ft extends. This tongue 52 is formed on the lower end of a cylindrical portion 55 of th'e stein, this cylindrical portion 55 cx tending through an opening 56 in the cap 32 and having a squared formation 57 arranged 'for acconnnodating a suitair-le wrench for vinanipulating the .aine in annular flange 58 having a bevel tace 5) is provided on the lower part ol the 'cylurdrical portion 55 and is situate/.l inside the cavity 35. The face 59 is arranged for en gagelnent with a coinplcnientary face (il. termed on the wall ot the chamber 35 en conu'iassing lthe opel'iin'g 56. lll/'hen a fluid pressure eiiists in the chamber 35, this pressure is efi'ective in retaining Athe itajccs and (il in engagei'nent, thus providing a tight seal between these parts and preventing a leakage of fluid from the chamber 35 through the passage 56. coil spring 62 is disposed around the hub 5G and the lower end 55 'of-the stem 54, 'this spring is einaller than the upper end ot the tlf) exerting a pressur'e against these members which tend to resiliently maintain them in theiil proper seated` positions when no fluid pressure. is present. rIhis spring is provid ed tor seating the plug and the stein so as to exclude dirt or other abrasive from the valve, and to prevent an entrance et abrasive from the contacting faces to prevent leakage, thus preventing an excessive wear ot these contacting parts. lVhen the stem (itis rotated by the application or a wrench to the squared end 57, the tongue 52 engages the Walls of the slot 51, thus rotating the plug 87. This plug and stem construction permits relative axial movement and permits the proper seating oi both members. As Wear occurs between the contacting surfaces the plug and stem may seat- Without opposition.

A slot 64 is provided at the upper end of the opening 23 and into this slot 64 there extends a pin 65 which is secured to the extreme upper end of the shell 38. The slot 64- permits a 90 degree rotation ot the plug 37. This arrangement is provided so that it would be impossible to rotate the plug so that the passage 45 Will align with the outlet port 13 and not with the inlet port 12, the disadvantage of this being that there would be no fluid pressure in the internal chamber 44, and, because there would be no opposing torce to resist the seating pressure, there might be a tendency for the plug 37 to bind.

From the drawings and the foregoing description, it is evident that there are no parts of the cock which Will get out of order and which Will need replacing. By utilizing the pressure of the fluid for seating the plug and the stem, the Wear of these parts is automatically compensated for. In

ther Words, a Wearing of the parts does not aiifect the seating pressure exerted thereagainst. In old types of cocks, it is necessary to constantly readjust the seating means when wear occurs owing to the fact that there is no automatic compensating ar rangement.

My invention is designed so that it may readily be cleaned. By removing the cover 28 and the cap 32, the stem and plug may be removed and the cock conveniently cleaned. By providing the inner ends 2O ot the passages l2 and 18 ot the same diameter as the pipes 17 and 18, it is possible for the pipe lines to be swabbed or cleaned as is compulsory in some instances. Dust and other foreign matter is entirely excluded from the valve by the provision of the spring 62 Which retains the plug and stem seated, and no dust can enter between the faces 59 and 61.

My invention is particularly adaptable for use on high pressure lines, as previously described, because of the fact that there will be no binding of the plug 37 due to the novel equalizing arrangement which I einploy. As the fluid pressure increases, the effective seating pressure also increases and, consequently, an additional sealing relationship is provided.

I claim as my invention:

A coclr comprising: a body having a central chamber in the side Walls ot which is formed a truste-conical seat, inlet and outlet ports being Jformed in said body and opening from said seat; a truste-conical plug shell adapted to it said seat to close the opening ot said ports into said chamber, there being openings in said shell Which by the rotation ot said shell may be brought into registry with said ports to set up a iassage between said ports through said shell, said shell being open at its end of smaller diameter, apassage being formed in the Wall of said shell which communi- Cates directly between the interior or said shell and said inlet port When said shell is rotated to place said openings out of registry with said ports, a head provided upon said plug shell to close its end of larger diameter; a closure provided upon said body for closing said central chamber at its end of smaller diameter; a cap provided upon said body to close said central chamber at its end of larger diameter, said cap being shaped to provide a plug shell seating pressure chamber co-extensive with the larger end of said central chamber, there being a duct formed in said body to communicate between said inlet port and said pressure chamber; a valve stein rotatably disposed in a central opening in said cap and by which said shell plug may be rotated.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Los Angeles, California, this 27th day of January, 1925.

MARION R. SHIPLEY.

Gli 

